Brown Patch

  • Scientific Name: Rhizoctonia solani

Brown Patch

Causal Agent

Rhizoctonia solani

What is Brown Patch?

Brown Patch is a fungal turf disease that primarily affects the roots and crowns of the plant and is caused by Rhizoctonia solani.

What are the Symptoms of Brown Patch?

The symptoms of Brown Patch can vary depending on the grass cultivar, climatic and atmospheric conditions, soil and intensity of turfgrass management. Brown Patch is most severe in Spring and Autumn. Brown Patch infestation is more severe when the turf is cut shorter than the optimum height of the type of turfgrass being grown. General symptoms of Brown Patch include:

  • Brown discoloured circular patches that range from 5cm to 1-2m in diameter, with the grass in the centre of the ring usually remaining moderately healthy.

  • The outer ring of the grass turns brown and dies, usually from desiccation due to its damaged root system.

  • When severe infection occurs, leaf tissue can be affected, making leaves appear water-soaked, eventually drying and withering and turning brown.

  • When humidity is high, a 'smoke ring', of mycelium may appear as thin brown borders around the diseased patches early in the morning and disappear as the turf dries out.

  • On wide-bladed species, leaf lesions develop with tan centres and dark brown to black margins.

What Causes Brown Patch?

Brown Patch is caused by a pathogen known as Rhizoctonia solani. Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne fungus that can be found in most soils and is known as a cause of disease in both established and seedling turfgrasses. The disease does not produce spores but instead spreads rapidly by mycelial contact. The disease is disseminated via movement of sclerotia which are produced and remain in thatch material.

Rhizoctonia solani has a characteristic mycelium over other patch diseases, whereby the mycelium branches at a 90-degree right angle, allowing for accurate diagnosis in the lab.

When Does Brown Patch Occur?

In general, the conditions favouring Brown Patch are:

  • High relative humidity and temperatures of over 28°C during the day and over 15.5°C at night.

  • More than 10 hours a day of foliar wetness for several consecutive days.

  • Turfgrass species are most affected when night temperatures are consistently above 20°C with high humidity or moisture.

What Turfgrasses are especially susceptible to Brown Patch?

Wintergrass, Couch, Bentgrass, Fescues, Kentucky Bluegrass, Ryegrass & Buffalo Grass.

What can I do to manage Brown Patch disease?

High levels of nitrogen can increase the potential for Brown Patch infection. Hence, fertilisation with a high nitrogenous fertiliser prior to periods of high humidity should be avoided where possible. Other measures to manage Brown Patch include:

  • Avoiding nitrogen applications when the disease is active and using low-moderate amounts of nitrogen, moderate amounts of phosphorous and moderate-to-high amount of potassium when humidity is high

  • Increasing the height of cut

  • Increasing the air circulation, reducing thatch, and minimising the amount of shade. 

  • Irrigating turf early in the day and improving the drainage of the turf. 

  • Removing dew from turf early in the day.

For chemical solutions or treatments for Brown Patch, please see the recommended products below.

PRODUCT SOLUTIONS FOR Brown Patch

Xzemplar™ Fungicide
Active: 300g/L Fluxapyroxad

Xzemplar™ is a turf fungicide offering advanced systemic movement of the active ingredient, Fluxapyroxad. Xzemplar combines a quick knockdown and...

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Lexicon Intrinsic Fungicide
Active: 167g/L fluxapyroxad, 333g/L pyraclostrobin

Lexicon delivers peak performance under pressure, optimising disease control and providing plants with longer, stronger roots and increased growth....

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Maxtima® Fungicide
Active: 400g/l Mefentrifluconazole

Maxtima® is a revolutionary, broad spectrum DMI fungicide that can be applied on any turf, at any temperature and anywhere on your course.

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Captan 800 WG Fungicide
Active: 800g/kg Captan

Captan 800 WG controls a broad spectrum of diseases in turf, ornamentals as well as a range of crops including apples, almonds, grapes, pears, pist...

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Chief Topflo Fungicide 5L
Active: 625g/l Iprodione

CHIEF® Topflo is a broad spectrum fungicide registered for the control of Brown Patch, Fusarium Patch, Leaf Spot, Spring Dead Spot and Helminthosp...

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Patriot Fungicide
Active: 200g/L Tebuconazole, 100g/L Trifloxystrobin

Patriot Fungicide is a broad spectrum fungicide containing 100 g/L of the active ingredient Trifloxystrobin and 200 g/L Tebuconazole.

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Quali-Pro Enclave Fungicide
Active: 365g/L chlorothalonil, 119g/l Iprodione, 119g/l Thiophanate methyl and 36g/L Tebuconazole

Quali-Pro Enclave is registered for the broad spectrum, eradicant, curative and preventative control of Brown Patch, Fusarium Patch, Anthracnose, D...

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Quali-Pro Evolution Fungicide
Active: 200g/L Tebuconazole, 120g/L Azoxystrobin

Evolution Fungicide is a premium, fungicide mixture containing 120 g/L of the active ingredient Azoxystrobin and 200 g/L Tebuconazole.

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Banner Maxx Fungicide
Active: 15.5% Propiconazole

Banner Maxx is early curative treatment, providing systemic broad-spectrum control of Dollar Spot, Winter Fusarium, and the ERI complex (Couchgrass...

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Daconil Weatherstik® Turf Fungicide
Active: 720g/L Chlorothalonil

Daconil Weather Stik is a contact fungicide that can be used in preventative programs. It can be used as an early curative after the first signs of...

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Headway Maxx Fungicide
Active: 62g/l Azoxystrobin, 104g/l Propiconazole

Headway Maxx combines the strength, longevity and broad spectrum of Heritage Maxx with the speed and early curative action of Banner Maxx in an unb...

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Heritage Maxx Fungicide
Active: 95g/l Azoxystrobin

Heritage Maxx combines systemic activity through xylem mobility, and translaminar movement to encourage multi-site uptake...

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Instrata Turf Fungicide
Active: 36.2% Chlorothalonil, 5.7% Propiconazole...

Instrata is an excellent choice for use in a preventative program or curatively after first symptoms are evident.

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Medallion Turf Fungicide
Active: 125g/l Fludioxonil

Medallion Turf Fungicide offers contact plus – exceptional spore busting capabilities on the leaf, in the thatch, and on the soil surface.

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Velista Turf Fungicide
Active: 500 g/kg Penthiopyrad

Velista is a powerful broad spectrum fungicide that can be used all year round and can be trusted to keep your turf in excellent condition especial...

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Dedicate Forte Stressgard Fungicide
Active: 240g/l Tebuconazole

Dedicate FORTE Stressgard® is a broad-spectrum DMI fungicide containing tebuconazole (240 g/L) with Stressgard Formulation Technology, and control...

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Dedicate Turf and Ornamental Fungicide
Active: 100g/L Trifloxystrobin, 200g/L Tebuconazole

Dedicate turf fungicide contains two active ingredients with two different modes of action, providing curative and preventative control. It has a c...

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Exteris Stressgard Fungicide
12.5g/l Fluopyram, 12.5g/l Trifloxystrobin

Exteris Stressgard Fungicide provides outstanding broad-spectrum disease control, turf quality and application flexibility. Contains a unique SDHI ...

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Interface Stressgard Fungicide
Active: 256g/L iprodione, 16g/L trifloxystrobin

Interface with Stressgard Formulation Technology offers the new standard in turf protection and is Bayer’s most powerful turf fungicide to-date. ...

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Reserve Stressgard Fungicide
Active: 720g/L Chlorothalonil

Reserve Stressgard turf fungicide is a contact and protectant fungicide for the control of fungal diseases in turf.

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Chloronil Pro Fungicide
Active: 750g/L Chlorothalonil

Chloronil Pro Fungicide is a broad spectrum, contact or protectant fungicide for the control of a range of diseases fruit, vegetables and turf. It ...

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$324.50
Impala Fungicide
Active: 96g/l Azoxystrobin, 194g/l Triticonazole

Impala is formulated for broad spectrum control of fungal diseases in turf.

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Shiba Fungicide
Active: 500g/L Tolclofos-methyl

Shiba fungicide is a liquid suspendable concentrate of Tolclofos methyl 500g/L, and has been specifically registered for the treatment of Brown Pat...

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Transact 500 Fungicide
Active: 500g/L Iprodione

Transact 500 is a broad spectrum fungicide containing 500 g/L of the active constituent Iprodione. It is registered for the control of Brown Patch,...

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$286.00
Transact Pro Fungicide
Active: 250g/L Iprodione

Transact Pro is a premium locally systemic, broad spectrum fungicide containing 250 g/L of active ingredient Iprodione.

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$302.50
Vantage Fungicide
Active: 95g/L Azoxystrobin

Vantage fungicide is a broad spectrum, systemic fungicide containing 95 g/L of the active constituent Azoxystrobin, a trusted chemistry for Austral...

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Chipco GT Fungicide
240 g/L iprodione

Chipco GT is a broad-spectrum fungicide providing unsurpassed control of brown patch, dollar spot, various leafspots, and a variety of other t...

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Thiram Liquid Fungicide
Active: 600g/L Thiram

Thiram Liquid Fungicide is a liquid suspension used as a foliar protectant and a seed treatment. Thiram Liquid Fungicide offers a contr...
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Dek Liquid Fungicide 10L
Active: 420g/L Mancozeb

Liquid Dek is a contact fungicide that works by forming a protective barrier around the plant tissue (i.e. chemical barrier between the fungus and ...

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$247.50
Quali-Pro Evolution Advanced Fungicide
Active: 200g/L Tebuconazole, 120g/L Azoxystrobin

Quali-Pro® Evolution® Advance is a premium broad-spectrum fungicide containing 370 g/L Tebuconazole and 222 g/L Azoxystrobin. Building on the str...

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Edict Fungicide 100mL
Active: 200g/L Tebuconazole, 100g/L Trifoxystrobin

Edict Disease Control is fungicide for use on Lawns, Azaleas, Roses, other general ornamental gardenplants. Edict Disease Control provides systemic...

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$75.00
Edict Duo Fungicide 1L
Active: 200g/L Tebuconazole, 100g/L Trifloxystrobin

Edict Duo is a broad spectrum fungicide containing the active ingredients Trifloxystrobin (100g/L) and Tebuconazole (200g/L). It is registered for ...

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$375.00
Azoxy 250 T&O Fungicide
Active: 250g/L Azoxystrobin

Azoxy 250 T&O Fungicide (active constituent Azoxystrobin) is an effective xylem systemic fungicide that delivers excellent protection for ...

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